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The British Longevity Society

The British Longevity Society is a non-profit making society for people who want to live a longer, healthier life. It was founded in 1993 and has a worldwide membership

Contact the BLS at www.antiageing.freeserve.co.uk

Anti-ageing Drugs and Supplements  
This is a brief guide to some commonly used anti-ageing drugs and supplements that should be used under medical guidance. Some of the following products are found in your ordinary diet, some may be purchased in UK Health Shops or through the contact details that are included. Others are not available in the UK but a doctor may be able to order them from abroad.  

Acetyl-L-Carnitine  
This is an aminoacid not to be confused with Carnosine which is a very different product. Acetyl-L-Carnitine is mainly found in milk and has many actions. It has been used to treat depression, mental problems and memory loss. It protects the mitochondria inside the cells and it is thought to have an anti-ageing action on the brain. Acetyl-L-Carnitine has been evaluated mainly by Italian researchers, but many other European and American doctors are not convinced of its benefits. Side effects include nausea, stomach upset, dizziness and headache. The side effects become less troublesome when using a lower dose of the preparation, but long-term effects are not clear.

Alpha Lipoic Acid  
This product is thought to be a very good antioxidant which boosts the levels of glutathione in the cells. Glutathione is itself an antioxidant involved in many chemical everyday processes. High glutathione levels are associated with a strong immunity. Low glutathione on the other hand, is found in patients suffering from cancer or Parkinson’s disease.

Alpha Lipoic Acid improves energy production within the cell and also helps boost blood circulation in the arteries. Because Alpha Lipoic Acid helps break down sugar molecules, it may be useful in patients suffering from diabetes. Finally, Alpha Lipoic Acid may boost the concentrations of the vitamins C and E as well as recycle other important antioxidants such as coenzyme Q10. The long term side effects and dangers related to treatment with this supplement are not well known. Also, it may be difficult to get it from the UK, although it is easily available in the US.

Carnosine
Many BLS members have decided to try the new anti-ageing supplement carnosine. We have received several letters from members who were very pleased with the results. Users reported an increase in stamina and muscle tone, better sleep patterns and better physical energy. Those who did not experience any obvious positive effects, are still well protected against ageing, because carnosine works form the ‘inside’ safeguarding against the effects of age.  The capsules need to be taken every day, long-term, for best protection against age-related problems.

Users of carnosine have received a questionnaire to evaluate their experience. If you haven’t yet returned your questionnaire, please do so now , to help us evaluate this very promising product. If you want to order carnosine please write to the BLS enclosing a cheque for £20 for a pot of 60 capsules (taken one a day).  The trial is under the guidance of  Dr Marios Kyriazis, in association with researchers from Guy’s Hospital (University of London).

As mentioned earlier, this is a new supplement and our experience in using it is limited. However, we do not expect any side effects or dangerous long-term problems, as this is a naturally-occurring product, found in our muscles and brain. If you do not like taking tablets, you may want to get your extra supplies of carnosine from red meat or chicken.

Deprenyl and ageing  

Deprenyl is a chemical used as an anti-ageing drug by many people over the past decades. It is now an accepted drug and is used for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, but its use as a general anti-ager has been clouded in controversy. Laboratory experiments with rats have shown that those animals treated with deprenyl lived on average 40% longer than the rest.

Professor Josef Knoll, a Hungarian researcher who performed the original experiments during the 1960’s to 1980’s, thinks that everybody past middle age should take deprenyl for its anti-ageing properties. However, most doctors do not share this view, believing that there is a great difference between a few experiments in rats and using a drug on humans.

Several researchers who tried to check these studies arrived at equivocal conclusions. Some found positive results, whereas others did not. One reason for this could be that there are different forms of deprenyl.  The form ‘deprenyl hydrochloride’ is used by conventional doctors to treat Parkinson’s disease, whereas the form ‘deprenyl  citrate’ is the form preferred by anti-ageing doctors. Also, the dose used in experiments is crucial. Some researchers used much lower or much higher doses than ideal, therefore the final results were confounded.  

Despite these confusing results, deprenyl is thought by some scientists to protect brain cells from damage; to be an antioxidant; and to stimulate other antioxidants in the brain. Several research projects aim to evaluate the use of deprenyl in a variety of conditions such as tiredness and loss of energy, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and even cancer.  

Deprenyl is also thought to increase the concentration of the hormone DHEA which may play an important part in preventing ageing diseases. DHEA supplements are now banned in the UK and suppliers of DHEA find great difficulty in obtaining it. So, as an alternative, many DHEA users are now looking to substances like deprenyl,  which stimulate the body to produce its own supply. 

People who take deprenyl (the usual dose is 10 mg a day, but others take 10 mg a week) say that it improves memory, sexual function and well being. Side effects are drowsiness, stomach upset, nausea depression or raised blood pressure.  

Some researches warn, however, that taking deprenyl in high doses may actually reduce lifespan and cause more problems than it solves. The majority of conventional physicians and scientists do not endorse this product, believing that, apart from an established benefit in sufferers of Parkinson’s disease, there is no substantial evidence to support its use in anti-ageing medicine.  

FCS Ginger, Curcumin and Boswellia,  
This is a new supplement, recently launched, and is aimed at promoting health to joints. It contains ginger, curcumin and boswellia, and has been used for centuries in Chinese and Indian medicine. Its manufacturers claim that it can improve arthritis, muscle aches, sports  injuries and joint inflammation.  Ginger has anti-inflammatory properties, curcumin is an antioxidant and boswellia is also an anti-inflammatory used in Ayurvedic medicine. The supplement, available from health shops, is called  FCS Ginger, Curcumin and Boswellia, costing £12.99 for 60 tablets.

Flavonoids
There is increasing evidence that plant chemicals present in tea (including green tea) have many benefits in preventing heart disease. Tea contains flavonoids (such as the isoflavones discussed below) which are antioxidants, improve the flow of blood in the arteries and block and eliminate several toxins.

Flavonoids are also found in  red wine, onions and apples. At a recent meeting to evaluate the effects of tea, it was reported that there is considerable evidence that consumption of tea reduces the risk of heart attacks. For example, those who drink one or more cups of tea a day, reduce their risk of having a heart attack by 38%-44%. Flavonoids have many other health benefits including an effect on  the prostate, brain, skin and on menopausal symptoms.

Isoflavones
Many women are turning their attention to natural ways of dealing with menopausal symptoms. Natural isoflavones are chemicals present in plants such as red clover and soya. A supplement called Novogen Red Clover aims to provide enough natural oestrogens to balance the effects of the menopause. Natural oestrogens are not necessarily free from side effects such as breast tenderness or heavy menstrual bleeding. They are taken, however, by an increasing number of women.

Isoflavone oestrogens ‘modulate’ the oestrogen receptor on the cell membrane. This means that the isoflavone molecule attaches itself to the receptor and, if there is too much of the body’s own oestrogen, it blocks it. If there is too little human oestrogen, it boosts it. In this way, the levels of human oestrogen in the body remain balanced.

Lycopene  
Tomatoes which contain the antioxidant lycopene are believed to be one of the best anti-ageing foods available. Researchers have even used genetic engineering to develop tomatoes with high concentrations of lycopene. Lycopene is a chemical similar to beta carotene and has many abilities in fighting age-related illnesses. Raw tomatoes  are not as good as cooked tomatoes or tomato sauce (as in pizzas)  in providing lycopene. This is because of the way lycopene is absorbed in the gut, a process which is made easier by the presence of oil. This the reason why the Mediterranean habit of using tomatoes in olive oil is believed to be one of the healthiest eating habits available.

Several studies from across the world have found that a diet rich in lycopene can protect against the development of  prostate cancer, cancer of the mouth, stomach, large bowel and cervix. Some researchers say that lycopene may also help in treating the signs of existing cancer. This has been shown particularly in men suffering from cancer of the prostate.  

Other benefits of lycopene are a reduction of atherosclerosis, which is important in preventing heart attacks and stroke. Lycopene can help unblock clogged arteries, easing blood flow to the brain and heart. Other studies suggest that it protects the sking against sun damage due to a flitering of the harmful UV radiation, and  finally, it protects ageing cells against damage.  

Lycopene products are available in tablet, capsule or powered form from health shops or by mail order.  

Modafinil  
Modafinil and Adrafinil are two related products, used to stimulate the brain. They are thought to increase alertness and improve memory, concentration and attention span. These drugs were developed by French researchers and are not known to the great majority of  British doctors. Side effects include liver damage, headaches, stomach pains and skin rashes. The usage of modafinil needs to be monitored with regular blood tests.

Phosphatidyl Serine  
Cytoplan is a supplier of  several plant-related  and other natural supplements. They supply the supplement Phosphatidyl Serine which is thought to strengthen brain power and improve memory. This supplement is obtained from soya, by a chemical process to enrich the natural soya molecules. Phosphatidyl Serine has been studied in a variety of research projects and the results were found to be generally positive. This supplement has featured in a previous BLS newsletter and it will also be discussed in a future one. For more information contact Cytoplan on 01684 310 099.

Pregnenolone
Due to some problems regarding DHEA usage, the public attention is now shifting to pregnenolone. Several anti-ageing doctors believe that this supplement is one of the most effective anti-agers. They say that it has been used for many decades with few side effects. Its main uses are to treat stress, arthritis, tiredness, poor memory and depression. Pregnenolone is formed inside our bodies starting from the cholesterol molecule. It is thought to balance other hormones in the body such as DHEA, progesterone, oestrogen and testosterone. The dose is between 10 mg - 100 mg a day. At present, there are no significant restrictions on its use.

RN13  
This is an anti-ageing ‘designer’ drug. It is made up of 13 different types of RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) which plays an important part during the formation of proteins.  It also contains certain other agents such as vitamins, aminoacids and lecithin. Its users say that RN13 helps speed up wound healing and repairs age-damaged tissues. The RNA is obtained by different animal sources such as lamb’s placenta, glands, testicles, pancreas, parathyroid etc. It comes in injection and tablet form. Side effects depend on the way of administration and include skin rashes and worsening of gout. Antibiotics may block the action of RN13. This is intended as a long-term anti-ageing treatment but experience of its use is limited, and several doctors believe that there is not enough scientific evidence to support the users’ claims.

Sulphur  
There are many nutritional supplements used in order to boost joint health. A new supplement called  Maxisulph contains a form of naturally occurring organic sulphur. This is supposed to supplement the sulphur present in our diet and prevent aches, pains and joint stiffness. Sulphur is present in fruit, vegetables, milk and meat but it is easily destroyed through cooking or storage. Maxisulph costs £11.99 for 70 tablets (these should last for over a month) and it is available  from health food stores.

Vinpocetine  
A relatively new drug, Vinpocetine is another ‘smart drug’ or nootropic. This acts on the inside of the brain cells to stimulate the metabolism and thus increase brain function.. It allows the brain to use oxygen more efficiently. It has been used in certain cases of stoke and brain injury with some benefit. Some people also use it in order to prevent stroke and brain ageing. There is no sufficient information to warrant its use for these purposes, but research is continuing.

Vitamin K
The use of vitamin K for age-related illnesses is very limited  but promising. Vitamin K can be useful in improving bone strength in osteoporosis, it strengthens the arteries, eases blood flow and even reduces the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. Vitamin K is found in yoghurt, potatoes, alfalfa, tomatoes, cauliflower, liver, lean red meat, and eggs. Its main use by the medical establishment is for controlling blood clotting abnormalities but research shows that it has many other benefits. It is possible to get vitamin K supplements in tablet form, although the commonest  way of using it for blood clot abnormalities is by injection.

Other anti-ageing supplements include:

1. Co-enzyme Q10, ginkgo biloba, the antioxidant vitamins C, E, A

2.Choline and lecithin,  aminoacid releasers of growth hormone, echinacea, bilberry, St John’s Wort and Carnosine.

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